What Brien Foerster Gets WRONG about BAALBEK

The ancient ruins of Baalbek in Lebanon sport massive granite columns, which come from Aswan quarry in Egypt. According to Brien Foerster, it is impossible for humans to have made them. In this video, Dr. Miano examines the arguments presented by this alternative history advocate to see if they hold up. Did the Romans carve the pillars, or a mysterious civilization of the past?

This video is about the columns ONLY. If you want to discuss the large stones of the trilithon or the quarry, watch this first: https://youtu.be/QUiNoAgijpc

►DOWNLOAD Professor Miano's free e-booklet: "Why Ancient History Matters":
https://mailchi.mp/a402112ea4db/why-ancient-history-matters

►SUBSCRIBE to the World of Antiquity YouTube Channel for great travel videos about ancient ruins and ancient history museums.

► SUPPORT THIS CHANNEL
Supporters get access to behind-the-scenes videos, early-release videos, course discounts and more! http://www.patreon.com/worldofantiquity

REFERENCES
Foerster's original video:
https://youtu.be/0NC6vb87nsc

On Roman quarries and stoneworking:
https://amzn.to/3AYRmI7
http://oxrep.classics.ox.ac.uk/databases/stone_quarries_database/
http://oxrep.classics.ox.ac.uk/docs/Stone_Quarries_Database.pdf
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3290845?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
https://brewminate.com/ancient-roman-mining-and-quarrying-techniques/
http://www.artofmaking.ac.uk/content/essays/3-stoneworking-techniques-and-processes-w-wootton-b-russell-p-rockwell/
https://books.google.com/books?id=na0JAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
http://www.quarryscapes.no/guide_content_text.php
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337985600_A_first_characterization_of_the_most_important_granites_used_in_Antiquity
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.111.9099&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://sci-hub.do/https://doi.org/10.1179/lev.2000.32.1.155
https://sci-hub.do/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0092.2007.00297.x
https://www.ngu.no/upload/Publikasjoner/Special%20publication/SP12_s7-50.pdf
https://www.ngu.no/upload/Publikasjoner/Special%20publication/SP12_s87-98.pdf
https://journal.eahn.org/article/id/7477/

On Egyptian quarries:
https://www.ngu.no/upload/Publikasjoner/Special%20publication/SP12_s87-98.pdf
https://www.ngu.no/upload/Publikasjoner/Special%20publication/SP12_s7-50.pdf
https://escholarship.org/content/qt9bb918sd/qt9bb918sd.pdf
https://www.academia.edu/5407065/Marks_of_the_Quarry_Workers_at_the_Unfinished_Obelisk_Quarry_Aswan_Egypt_Preliminary_Report

On ancient stoneworking in general:
http://www.artofmaking.ac.uk/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332233419_Interdisciplinary_Studies_on_Ancient_Stone
https://www.academia.edu/7326869/Stone_Sawing_Machines_of_Roman_and_Early_Byzantine_Times_in_the_Anatolian_Mediterranean
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul_Kessener/publication/283384268_A_relief_of_a_water-powered_stone_saw_mill_on_a_sarcophagus_at_Hierapolis_and_its_implications/links/577b7d0708ae355e74f12ba9/A-relief-of-a-water-powered-stone-saw-mill-on-a-sarcophagus-at-Hierapolis-and-its-implications.pdf
https://www.jstor.org/preview-page/10.2307/525771?seq=1
https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1909&context=all_theses
https://www.academia.edu/19626045/J.P.Adam_Roman_Building.Pdf
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D36%3Achapter%3D9

On stone hardness:
http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/hrr/1967/196/196-002.pdf

On Roman transport:
https://sci-hub.st/10.1126/science.153.3738.821
https://www.academia.edu/7011436/Land_Transport_in_Roman_Egypt_pdf
https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=skaFAgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA171&ots=4BZyNSyHcc&sig=dg4CR-7Az_7xNtbrb_28OsLcnEA#v=onepage&q&f=false
https://www.academia.edu/3080968/Marbles_to_Rome_The_Movement_of_Monolithic_Columns_Across_the_Mediterranean

On Roman engineering:
https://www.amazon.com/Greek-Roman-Technology-Translations-Sourcebooks-dp-1138927899/dp/1138927899/ref=mt_other?_encoding=UTF8&me=&qid=
https://www.amazon.com/dp/0520227824/ref=wl_mb_wl_huc_mrai_3_dp
https://www.amazon.com/Roman-Building-Techniques-Jean-Pierre-Adam/dp/0415208661/
https://journal.eahn.org/articles/10.5334/ah.bl/
https://www.academia.edu/3088656/Masons_Materials_and_Machinery_Logistical_Challenges_in_Roman_Building

On Roman iron and steel:
https://www.academia.edu/32184329/Materials_and_Manufacturing_Processes_Paper_for_special_issue_on_Aspects_of_Ancient_Metallurgy_Roman_iron_and_steel_A_review

On the reuse of Roman granite during the Renaissance:
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/architectural-history/article/reviving-antiquity-with-granite-spolia-and-the-development-of-roman-renaissance-architecture/1465A4861BEEA4ABF33A37E2DF4DBD8B

Follow Professor Miano on social media:
►FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/DrDavidMiano
►TWITTER: https://twitter.com/DrDavidMiano
►INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/drmiano/

Скачать видео